Changes in mid-life fitness predicts heart failure risk at a later age independent of interval development of cardiac and noncardiac risk factors: the Cooper Center longitudinal study. Physical fitness and risk for heart failure and coronary artery disease. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis. Fitness versus physical activity patterns in predicting mortality in men. Exercise capacity and mortality in older men: a 20-year follow-up study. Physical activity and reduced risk of cardiovascular events. Exercise type and intensity in relation to coronary heart disease in men. Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with long-term mortality among adults undergoing exercise treadmill testing. Fitness levels of firefighter recruits before and after a supervised exercise training program. Age, sex, race, initial fitness, and response to training: the HERITAGE Family Study. Genes to predict VO 2max trainability: a systematic review. Minimum amount of physical activity for reduced mortality and extended life expectancy: a prospective cohort study. Dose-response associations between accelerometry measured physical activity and sedentary time and all cause mortality: systematic review and harmonised meta-analysis. Association of physical activity with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Is running associated with a lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and is the more the better? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Coronary heart-disease and physical activity of work. Are there deleterious cardiac effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise? Physiol. Can intensive exercise harm the heart? The benefits of competitive endurance training for cardiovascular structure and function. The limits of cardiac performance: can too much exercise damage the heart? Am. Potential adverse cardiovascular effects from excessive endurance exercise. Physical activity and cancer prevention - data from epidemiologic studies. Exercise benefits in cardiovascular disease: beyond attenuation of traditional risk factors. However, despite speculation that these abnormalities confer an increased risk of future adverse events, elite endurance athletes have an increased life expectancy compared with the general population.įiuza-Luces, C. The inherent association between these ‘maladaptations’ and sudden cardiac death in the general population raises the question of whether endurance exercise could be detrimental for some individuals. A large proportion of endurance athletes have raised levels of cardiac biomarkers (troponins and B-type natriuretic peptide) and cardiac dysfunction for 24–48 h after events, but what is the relevance of these findings? In the longer term, some endurance athletes have an increased prevalence of coronary artery disease, myocardial fibrosis and arrhythmias. The need to sustain a large cardiac output for prolonged periods is associated with a 10–20% increase in left and right ventricular size and a substantial increase in left ventricular mass. Endurance athletes exceed the usual recommendations for exercise by 15-fold to 20-fold. Regular aerobic physical exercise of moderate intensity is undeniably associated with improved health and increased longevity, with some studies suggesting that more is better.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |